How to prevent diplopia in endoscopic transnasal resection of tumors involving the medial orbital wall.

INTRODUCTION Removal of the medial orbital wall and periorbit during endoscopic endonasal procedures for malignant tumors or during endoscopic transorbital procedures for intraorbital tumors may cause transient or permanent diplopia, enophthalmos, and strabismus (Fig. 1). Here, we present a simple technique that prevents these complications and allows for a spontaneous reconstruction of the medial orbital wall without the need for synthetic materials.